Apply for Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190): Requirements, Process, and Tips

It offers an excellent environment for career growth and personal development. For many, the first step toward achieving this dream is applying for a Skilled Work Visa specifically, the Subclass 189 or 190 visa. These visas are designed to attract talented individuals who can contribute meaningfully to Australia’s workforce and economy.

In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the ins and outs of the Australia Skilled Work Visa (subclasses 189 and 190), helping you understand the requirements, the step-by-step application process, and the practical tips that can boost your chances of success. Whether you’re a seasoned professional looking for a fresh start or a recent graduate ready to launch your global career, this guide will serve as a solid foundation for your migration journey.

Navigating visa applications can often feel overwhelming. With different subclasses, eligibility criteria, point systems, and state nomination requirements, it’s crucial to have a clear, structured understanding before starting your application. Our aim is to simplify this journey for you by breaking down each element of the Skilled Work Visa program into digestible and actionable sections.

The Australian government’s skilled migration program is specifically designed to attract individuals with skills that are in high demand. This means that if you’re qualified and experienced in a profession that aligns with Australia’s current workforce needs, there’s a good chance that you’ll be eligible to apply. The demand spans across sectors such as healthcare, engineering, information technology, trades, education, and many more.

More than just a work opportunity, the Skilled Work Visa also opens the door to a life filled with new experiences—from enjoying pristine beaches and vibrant cities to participating in one of the most multicultural societies in the world. Australia also provides various pathways for visa holders to become permanent residents and, eventually, citizens.

While this blog will cover both Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent) and Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated) visas, we’ll also compare them in detail to help you decide which one suits your situation better. From understanding the points-based system to decoding the Expression of Interest (EOI) process and securing state nomination, each section of this guide is tailored to equip you with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions.

It’s important to approach your Skilled Work Visa application as more than just paperwork. Strategic planning, timely actions, and a proactive mindset can greatly increase your chances of getting invited to apply. This blog not only outlines the technical aspects of the process but also includes practical tips and real-world advice from migration experts and successful applicants.

Whether you’re applying alone or with your family, aiming for a particular state, or simply exploring your options, this blog is your go-to resource for everything related to Australia’s skilled migration pathway. Let’s get started with a clear understanding of what these visas actually entail.

What is the Australia Skilled Work Visa?

The Australia Skilled Work Visa is part of the country’s General Skilled Migration (GSM) program, which targets foreign professionals whose qualifications and experience are aligned with Australia’s workforce needs. These visas are divided into several subclasses, but the most prominent and sought-after among them are Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent) and Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated).

The Subclass 189 visa is a points-tested permanent residence visa for skilled workers who are not sponsored by an employer, a state or territory government, or a family member. This visa allows the holder to live and work permanently anywhere in Australia. It’s often referred to as the most flexible option, especially for applicants who want the freedom to settle in any part of the country.

On the other hand, the Subclass 190 visa is also a points-tested permanent visa, but it requires applicants to receive a nomination from an Australian state or territory government. This means that you’ll need to meet specific criteria set by that state or territory in addition to the general visa requirements. In return, state nomination adds five points to your overall score, potentially increasing your chances of receiving an invitation.

Both of these visa subclasses are aimed at filling shortages in Australia’s labor market with skilled professionals from overseas. The Australian government updates its Skilled Occupation List regularly to reflect current demands in various industries, ensuring that the program remains relevant and effective.

Applicants are assessed based on a range of criteria, including age, English language ability, work experience, educational qualifications, and other factors. These criteria are part of a points test, and applicants must score at least 65 points to be eligible to receive an invitation to apply.

A critical part of the application process involves submitting an Expression of Interest (EOI) via the online SkillSelect system. This is not a visa application itself but rather a way to express your interest in migrating to Australia. Once submitted, your EOI is reviewed, and if you meet the required criteria and your occupation is in demand, you may receive an invitation to apply for a visa.

It’s important to note that receiving an invitation does not guarantee visa approval. You must still submit a formal application, undergo background checks, provide documentation, and pass medical and character assessments. However, receiving an invitation is a major milestone and often the most challenging hurdle in the process.

Both Subclass 189 and 190 visas are permanent residency visas, meaning successful applicants are granted indefinite stay in Australia, access to healthcare (Medicare), education for their children, and the right to apply for citizenship after meeting residency requirements.

These visa types are especially attractive because they provide a level of autonomy and opportunity that temporary or employer-sponsored visas do not. You can choose your employer, move between jobs freely, and integrate into Australian society as a long-term resident.

Understanding the key elements and purpose of the Skilled Work Visa program is essential before diving into the specifics of eligibility and application. In the next sections, we’ll explore the detailed benefits, eligibility criteria, and key differences between the two visa subclasses.

Benefits of Skilled Work Visas (189/190)

One of the most appealing aspects of Australia’s Skilled Work Visas—Subclass 189 and 190—is the wide range of benefits they offer to successful applicants. These visas are not just about work rights; they pave the way for a better quality of life, stability, and access to long-term opportunities in one of the world’s most prosperous and livable countries.

To begin with, both the 189 and 190 visas grant permanent residency from the moment they are issued. This is a significant advantage because it means you and your family can live, work, and study anywhere in Australia indefinitely. You’re not bound to a specific employer, and your residency is not contingent upon a temporary contract. You gain immediate access to most of the rights and benefits enjoyed by Australian citizens.

One of the core benefits is access to Australia’s public healthcare system, Medicare. As a permanent resident, you can receive medical treatment and services at low or no cost in public hospitals and through subsidized prescriptions. This greatly reduces your cost of living and ensures that your health and wellbeing are well-supported while living in Australia.

Education is another major benefit. Children of permanent residents can attend Australian public schools for free or at significantly reduced costs, depending on the state or territory. For those pursuing higher education, you may become eligible for domestic student tuition rates or even student loans (HELP/HECS) if you later become a citizen.

Another vital aspect is the ability to sponsor eligible family members for permanent residency. Whether it’s bringing your spouse, children, or even dependent relatives, the Skilled Work Visa allows you to build a future with your loved ones in Australia. Family members included in your initial application are granted the same residency rights and access to services.

Permanent residents also enjoy the freedom to travel in and out of Australia as often as they like during the validity of the travel facility (typically five years from the date of visa grant). After five years, you can apply for a Resident Return Visa (RRV) or, if eligible, proceed with your citizenship application.

Speaking of citizenship, both Subclass 189 and 190 visa holders are on a direct pathway to Australian citizenship. Once you’ve met the residency requirement—usually four years of lawful stay, with at least one year as a permanent resident you can apply to become an Australian citizen, gaining full civic rights including the right to vote and hold public office.

From a professional standpoint, Australia’s permanent residents have access to a broader job market than temporary visa holders. Many employers prefer candidates who hold permanent residency due to the simplicity of hiring and the stability it offers. Additionally, PR status often comes with better chances of job promotions and higher salary brackets, especially in regulated sectors.

You’re also eligible to apply for business loans and home mortgages, often under the same terms as Australian citizens. This opens up the potential to buy property and establish long-term roots in the country. Some banks even offer special deals and low-interest rates for skilled migrants who are permanent residents.

Social benefits such as unemployment support, parental leave, and aged pensions may also become accessible after holding permanent residency for a certain period. While these are typically available to citizens, long-term PR holders may qualify for several forms of social welfare, adding a layer of financial security.

In short, a Skilled Work Visa is more than a right to work—it’s a gateway to stability, freedom, and long-term prosperity. Whether your goal is professional growth, family security, or a high-quality lifestyle, these visas provide a comprehensive foundation to achieve it in Australia.

The opportunities do not stop with your visa grant. The moment you receive your permanent residency, you’re not just entering a new job market—you’re entering a new chapter of life in a country that values skilled migrants and offers the tools and systems to help them thrive.

Key Differences Between Subclass 189 and Subclass 190

Though both Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 are part of Australia’s Skilled Migration Program and share several similarities, they are not identical. Understanding their key differences is essential for applicants deciding which route is best suited to their goals and personal circumstances.

The Subclass 189 visa, officially called the Skilled Independent Visa, is designed for applicants who do not require sponsorship by an Australian state, territory, employer, or family member. This means you apply based solely on your own qualifications and your ability to meet the required points threshold. It is the most flexible of the two options because it allows you to live and work anywhere in Australia, without restriction.

In contrast, the Subclass 190 visa, or the Skilled Nominated Visa, requires you to obtain a nomination from a state or territory government. Each Australian state and territory has its own list of in-demand occupations and may set additional criteria, such as requiring applicants to live and work in that state for a certain period. While this visa also grants permanent residency, it has more geographic limitations initially.

Another major difference is in the points system. While both visas use the same basic points test, a state nomination under the 190 visa adds five points to your total score. This boost can be crucial if you’re just below the 65-point threshold or facing competition in a popular occupation. It makes the Subclass 190 a slightly more accessible option for some applicants.

The application process for each also differs slightly. For the 189 visa, you only need to submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) via SkillSelect and wait for an invitation from the federal government. For the 190 visa, you must first submit an EOI, then apply for nomination from a specific state or territory. If nominated, that state informs the Department of Home Affairs, which may then issue an invitation to apply.

Job prospects can also vary between the two visas. While both allow you to seek employment freely, some employers or industries may favor candidates on the 189 visa due to their unrestricted mobility. On the other hand, some states offer job-matching support and settlement assistance to 190 visa holders, especially in regional areas where there is a higher need for skilled professionals.

The processing times can also differ depending on current demand and the nomination process. The 189 visa may take longer during periods of high competition since it’s entirely merit-based and often sees more applicants. In contrast, the 190 visa may offer faster processing for applicants who meet specific state or territory requirements.

One overlooked difference is the moral obligation tied to the 190 visa. While it’s not a legal requirement, state governments generally expect 190 visa holders to live and work in the nominating state for at least two years. Failing to do so could affect future applications for state-sponsored programs or lead to difficulties if you seek help from the state in the future.

Another practical consideration is availability and quotas. The federal government issues a fixed number of invitations each year under both subclasses. However, some occupations may receive more invitations under the 190 visa due to state-level priorities. Therefore, your chances of receiving an invitation may be higher under Subclass 190 if your occupation is on a specific state’s priority list.

Ultimately, your choice between Subclass 189 and 190 depends on your points score, occupation demand, geographic preference, and urgency. If you meet the high competitive score requirements and value flexibility, the 189 visa is ideal. If you’re looking for a strategic advantage in a crowded field, state nomination through the 190 visa might give you the edge you need.

General Eligibility Criteria

Before applying for either the Subclass 189 or 190 Skilled Work Visa, it’s essential to ensure you meet the general eligibility criteria laid out by the Department of Home Affairs. These criteria act as a gatekeeper, ensuring that only qualified and capable individuals enter the program. Understanding and fulfilling these requirements is the first critical step toward a successful visa application.

The very first requirement is age. At the time of being invited to apply for the visa, applicants must be under 45 years old. If you turn 45 after receiving the invitation, you can still proceed with the application. However, if you’re already 45 or older when your Expression of Interest (EOI) is reviewed, you won’t be eligible for either subclass. Age is also a factor in the points system those between 25 and 32 years old receive the highest score.

Next is English language proficiency. Since skilled work requires clear communication and integration into Australian workplaces, applicants must demonstrate their command of the English language. This is usually done through approved tests like IELTS, PTE Academic, TOEFL iBT, or Cambridge C1 Advanced. The required level is “Competent English,” which equates to at least IELTS 6.0 (or equivalent) in each of the four components: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Higher English scores can earn you more points on your application.

One of the most critical requirements is that your occupation must be on the relevant Skilled Occupation List (SOL). The lists are maintained by the Australian government and are regularly updated to reflect the national and regional demand for certain professions. The Subclass 189 visa uses the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL), while the Subclass 190 visa can include both the MLTSSL and the Short-term Skilled Occupation List (STSOL), depending on state preferences. If your occupation is not on the list, you won’t be eligible to apply under these subclasses.

To confirm that your work experience and qualifications align with your nominated occupation, you must obtain a positive skills assessment from the relevant assessing authority. Each occupation has a designated authority (e.g., Engineers Australia for engineers, ACS for IT professionals, etc.). This assessment validates that your education and work history meet the Australian standards for your chosen profession. This step is mandatory and must be completed before submitting your EOI.

Another core requirement is that you must achieve a minimum of 65 points on the General Skilled Migration (GSM) points test. The test takes into account factors like age, English ability, skilled work experience, qualifications, and other criteria such as partner skills or Australian education. Keep in mind that while 65 is the minimum, competitive applicants often score above 85 due to high demand in certain fields.

You must also meet health and character requirements. Australia maintains strict public health standards and requires all applicants to undergo medical examinations through a panel-approved doctor. This usually includes a general physical check-up, chest X-ray, and blood tests depending on your background. If you or a dependent family member have a serious medical condition, your visa may be denied unless a waiver applies.

Character requirements involve providing police clearance certificates from every country you’ve lived in for 12 months or more over the past 10 years. The Australian government must be satisfied that you do not pose any criminal risk. This process is part of the visa application and must be completed prior to final approval.

Financial criteria are generally not part of the 189 or 190 visa requirements, unlike other migration programs. However, you should still be prepared to show evidence of your ability to support yourself and your dependents during the initial period after arriving in Australia, particularly if you’re applying under a state nomination which may require it.

If you’re including a spouse or de facto partner in your application, they must also meet certain requirements. These include health and character checks, and if claiming partner points, your spouse must also have a suitable skills assessment and English proficiency. This can help boost your overall points total and increase the competitiveness of your application.

Finally, for the Subclass 190 visa, an additional requirement is that you must be nominated by a state or territory government. Each state has its own criteria, including residency plans, specific occupations in demand, and even work experience or job offer requirements. You’ll need to check the guidelines of your desired state and apply for nomination before receiving your visa invitation.

In summary, the general eligibility criteria are a mix of age, language ability, occupational relevance, skills validation, points score, and character standards. While the process may seem demanding, it is designed to ensure that skilled migrants can integrate successfully into Australia’s workforce and society, contributing positively to the country’s economic growth and cultural richness.

Meeting these requirements doesn’t just determine whether you can apply—it plays a major role in how quickly you are invited and how likely your application is to succeed. By getting a strong grasp of these basics early on, you give yourself the best chance to build a compelling application that stands out in Australia’s competitive skilled migration system.

Occupation List Requirements

When applying for an Australian Skilled Work Visa (Subclass 189 or 190), one of the first and most important eligibility checks is ensuring your occupation is listed on an approved Skilled Occupation List (SOL). This list plays a crucial role in determining whether your profession is currently in demand in Australia and whether you’re eligible to apply for the visa subclass of your choice. Without your occupation being on the correct list, your visa application cannot proceed.

For the Subclass 189 visa, which is a Skilled Independent Visa, you must choose an occupation that appears on the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL). This list is created and regularly updated by the Department of Home Affairs based on the country’s long-term labor shortages and future economic projections. Occupations on the MLTSSL are considered essential to Australia’s economy and are generally open for federal-level visa pathways without needing state sponsorship.

In contrast, the Subclass 190 visa, which is a Skilled Nominated Visa, allows a slightly broader range of occupations since it includes jobs listed on the MLTSSL as well as the Short-term Skilled Occupation List (STSOL) and, in some cases, the Regional Occupation List (ROL). Each Australian state and territory publishes its own list of occupations based on regional demand. So even if your occupation isn’t eligible for the 189 visa, it may still qualify for a 190 visa through state nomination.

Understanding these lists is critical because they reflect what Australia actually needs in terms of workforce skills. For example, certain professions like registered nurses, software engineers, and civil engineers are almost always in demand nationwide and appear on the MLTSSL. Other roles, such as chefs or marketing specialists, may be needed only in certain states or regional areas and thus appear only on state lists or the STSOL.

Each occupation on the list is linked to a specific ANZSCO (Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations) code, which describes the duties, skills, and qualifications required for that job. When you nominate your occupation, your skills and experience must closely match the ANZSCO definition. If they don’t align, your skills assessment—and ultimately your visa—may be rejected.

It’s not enough to simply claim you work in a particular field. You’ll need to prove that your educational qualifications and professional experience align with the expectations for that occupation in Australia. That’s why many applicants conduct a detailed self-assessment and compare their resume with the ANZSCO requirements before submitting their Expression of Interest (EOI).

It’s also worth noting that occupation lists are dynamic, not static. The government updates them periodically based on national labor market data. An occupation eligible this year may not be available next year. As such, timing is critical. If you qualify today, it’s advisable to move forward promptly with your EOI and application to avoid missing out if your occupation is later removed or moved to a less favorable list.

For applicants targeting the 190 visa, it’s especially important to check each individual state or territory’s nomination list, as these lists vary not just by region but also by the criteria attached to each occupation. For example, New South Wales might prioritize accountants with three years of experience, while South Australia might accept the same occupation but with less experience if you’re willing to live in a regional area.

Furthermore, some states require that applicants live in that state already, have studied there, or have a job offer to qualify for nomination. Others prioritize international graduates from local universities. Therefore, even if your occupation is listed for state nomination, you must ensure you meet all the supplementary state-specific requirements to be eligible.

Finally, your occupation list alignment must be supported by an official skills assessment from the designated assessing authority. This further confirms that your professional background fits the standards required for your nominated role in Australia. Without a positive skills assessment, your visa application cannot progress, regardless of occupation list eligibility.

Points-Based Immigration System Overview

Australia’s Skilled Migration Program is fundamentally driven by a points-based immigration system. This system is designed to objectively evaluate and rank potential migrants based on key factors such as age, education, work experience, and English language ability. Whether you’re applying for a Subclass 189 or Subclass 190 visa, understanding how this system works is critical—it determines your eligibility and, ultimately, your likelihood of receiving an invitation to apply.

At the heart of the system is the General Skilled Migration (GSM) points test. Applicants must score at least 65 points to be considered eligible. However, reaching this minimum threshold does not guarantee you will receive an invitation to apply. In practice, successful applicants often have much higher scores—particularly in competitive occupations—ranging from 80 to even 100+ points.

The purpose of the points system is to attract individuals who will bring long-term economic and social value to Australia. Points are awarded across several categories: age, English proficiency, work experience (both in and outside Australia), educational qualifications, Australian study requirements, partner qualifications, regional study, and more. Each of these factors contributes a certain number of points to your total.

Age is one of the most heavily weighted criteria. Applicants between 25 and 32 years old receive the maximum points (30), as this age group is considered to have the highest potential for long-term contribution to the workforce. The older you are, the fewer points you receive, with no points awarded for applicants 45 years or older (and thus, ineligible to apply).

Next, English language proficiency is another major factor. While competent English (IELTS 6.0 or equivalent) is the minimum requirement, higher levels of proficiency can significantly boost your points. For instance, achieving a “Superior” level of English (IELTS 8.0 or equivalent) earns you 20 points, which can make a major difference in competitive rounds.

Skilled employment is assessed based on the number of years of relevant experience you have accumulated, both within and outside Australia. You can earn up to 15 points for overseas work experience and up to 20 points for Australian work experience. Experience must be closely related to your nominated occupation and should be backed up by verifiable employment records.

Educational qualifications are also rewarded in the points test. You’ll receive the most points if you hold a Doctorate (20 points), followed by a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree (15 points), and a trade or diploma qualification (10 points). Importantly, these qualifications must be recognized as equivalent to Australian standards.

Other categories include points for Australian study (5 points), studying in a regional area (additional 5 points), specialist education qualifications, and community language skills. These may seem minor, but they can help you meet or exceed the competitive thresholds.

The system also recognizes partner skills and qualifications. If your spouse or de facto partner is also a skilled professional, has competent English, and meets the occupation and skills assessment criteria, you may be eligible to receive additional points (up to 10). Conversely, if your partner is an Australian citizen or permanent resident, you can receive 10 points automatically.

If you apply for a Subclass 190 visa, you’ll receive an extra 5 points automatically as part of the state nomination. This can be extremely valuable, especially if you’re sitting just below the 65-point threshold or competing in an oversubscribed occupation category.

The entire process begins when you submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) through the SkillSelect system. Your EOI is then ranked against others based on your points score. If your score is high enough and your occupation is in demand, you may be selected and issued an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for a visa.

Because the points system is competitive and dynamic, it’s not just about meeting the minimum criteria. It’s about optimizing every possible aspect of your application. This might mean retaking your English exam to get a higher score, gaining more work experience, or pursuing further education to push your points above the average.

It’s also important to remember that your points are locked in at the time of invitation, not when you submit your EOI. So if you age into a lower points bracket or gain new qualifications before the invitation, your points total may change. Always keep your EOI updated with your most recent achievements and milestones.

The GSM points system is not only a filter—it’s a reflection of Australia’s priorities. By assigning more value to younger, highly educated, and experienced individuals with excellent English skills, the system helps ensure that migrants integrate successfully into the Australian economy and society.

Detailed Points Breakdown

Understanding the points-based system at a high level is important, but a closer look at the detailed breakdown of each point category can help you assess your personal eligibility with greater accuracy. This is where strategy comes into play—knowing where you stand and where you might improve can make all the difference between getting an invitation and missing out.

Let’s start with one of the most significant components—Age. As of your application date, age is worth up to 30 points, awarded as follows:

18–24 years = 25 points

25–32 years = 30 points (maximum)

33–39 years = 25 points

40–44 years = 15 points

45 and above = 0 points (ineligible)

The sweet spot is clearly the 25–32 age group, so if you fall within this range, you’re in a great position. If you’re close to the next bracket, it may be wise to submit your Expression of Interest (EOI) as soon as possible before aging into a lower point tier.

Next is English Language Proficiency, where you can earn:

Competent English (IELTS 6.0 or equivalent): 0 points (required, but no bonus)

Proficient English (IELTS 7.0): 10 points

Superior English (IELTS 8.0): 20 points

Many applicants aim for Proficient or Superior English because those points are relatively achievable and can make a significant impact. Even improving your score in one component of the test can move you from 10 to 20 points.

Skilled Employment Experience is split into two sections—outside and within Australia:

Overseas skilled employment in the last 10 years:

Less than 3 years = 0 points

3 to 4 years = 5 points

5 to 7 years = 10 points

8 years or more = 15 points

Australian skilled employment in the last 10 years:

Less than 1 year = 0 points

1 to 2 years = 5 points

3 to 4 years = 10 points

5 to 7 years = 15 points

8 years or more = 20 points (maximum)

Because Australian work experience is valued more highly, applicants who’ve previously worked or studied in Australia often enjoy a competitive edge. This is something to consider if you’re still in the early stages of planning your migration and have the option to study or gain work experience in Australia first.

Now onto Educational Qualifications, which are awarded as:

Doctorate (PhD) = 20 points

Bachelor’s or Master’s degree = 15 points

Diploma or trade qualification = 10 points

Award or qualification recognized by a relevant assessing authority = 10 points

In most cases, a university degree will give you a strong starting point, but be sure to check that your foreign degree is recognized and considered equivalent to Australian standards by the relevant skills assessing authority.

There are also bonus point categories you can take advantage of:

Australian Study Requirement (at least 2 academic years in Australia) = 5 points
Studying in a regional area = Additional 5 points
Professional Year Program (in accounting, ICT, or engineering) = 5 points
Credentialed community language qualification (e.g., NAATI) = 5 points

These smaller categories are often overlooked but can help bump up your score. If you’re on the edge of a cutoff, every extra 5 points can help push you into the next round of invitations.

Partner Skills is another important category:

If your partner has a suitable skills assessment in an eligible occupation, competent English, and is under 45 years of age = 10 points

If your partner has competent English only = 5 points

If you’re single or your partner is an Australian citizen or permanent resident = 10 points

This has been a game changer for many couples applying together. Having a skilled partner can significantly improve your combined point total, which is especially helpful in high-competition occupations.

Finally, State or Territory Nomination adds:

Subclass 190 nomination = 5 points

Subclass 491 nomination (regional – different visa) = 15 points

While these are not directly applicable to the 189 visa, they’re crucial for 190 applicants, especially if you’re trying to meet the minimum points threshold.

English Language Requirements

Proficiency in English is one of the most crucial components of your Australian Skilled Work Visa application. Whether you’re applying under Subclass 189 or 190, meeting the English language requirement is mandatory. Beyond just a basic requirement, your level of English can also significantly impact your points score, potentially boosting your chances of receiving an invitation to apply. Let’s break down everything you need to know about this key element of the process.

At a minimum, applicants must demonstrate “Competent English”. This level of proficiency is necessary to even be eligible to apply. Competent English is defined by the Department of Home Affairs as:

IELTS: at least 6.0 in each component (Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking)

PTE Academic: at least 50 in each component

TOEFL iBT: at least 12 in Listening, 13 in Reading, 21 in Writing, and 18 in Speaking

Cambridge C1 Advanced: at least 169 in each component

OET (for healthcare professionals): a ‘B’ in each component

If you are a citizen of the UK, USA, Canada, New Zealand, or Ireland, and hold a valid passport, you are automatically considered to have Competent English and may not need to take an English language test at all.

While Competent English gets you in the door, it doesn’t earn you any points. If you want to boost your GSM points score, you’ll need to aim higher either Proficient or Superior English:

Proficient English earns you 10 points:

IELTS: at least 7.0 in each component

PTE: at least 65 in each component

TOEFL: 24 (Listening), 24 (Reading), 27 (Writing), 23 (Speaking)

Superior English earns you 20 points:

IELTS: at least 8.0 in each component

PTE: at least 79 in each component

TOEFL: 28 (Listening), 29 (Reading), 30 (Writing), 26 (Speaking)

These extra points can make a huge difference—especially in popular occupations with high competition. For many applicants, retaking the English exam to improve from Proficient to Superior English is one of the easiest and fastest ways to boost their total score.

It’s worth noting that all components must meet the minimum score—you cannot average across them. For example, if you score 8.5 in three components and 6.5 in one, you’ll only be considered at the “Proficient” level, not “Superior.”

You’ll need to ensure your English test results are valid at the time of invitation and application. Most test results are valid for 3 years, and they must still be current when you receive your invitation to apply for the visa. If your results are older, you’ll need to retake the test before proceeding.

Preparation is key. Even if you are a fluent speaker, familiarity with the testing format is essential. Each test has a specific structure, and many well-qualified applicants lose valuable points due to lack of preparation. Consider taking practice tests or enrolling in an exam preparation course if you want to aim for higher bands.

Choosing the right test is also strategic. While IELTS is the most commonly used and accepted, many applicants find success with PTE Academic due to its computer-based format and quicker results. TOEFL and Cambridge are also accepted but less commonly used. Some professions, especially in healthcare, may prefer or require OET due to its occupational focus.

Another nuance is the partner English requirement. If you’re claiming partner points, your spouse or de facto partner must also prove at least Competent English. If not, your application may lose those valuable 5 or 10 points. Even if you’re not claiming partner points, your partner must still meet basic English standards or you may need to pay the second installment visa application charge, which can be significant.

For applicants who fail to meet the English requirement, the consequences are clear: the application cannot proceed. It’s one of the non-negotiable eligibility factors, and overlooking it is one of the most common reasons EOIs are rejected or invitations are not issued.

Lastly, remember that English proficiency doesn’t just help with visa points, it’s also a practical necessity for settling and succeeding in Australia. From job interviews to workplace communication, education, and everyday life, your language skills will play a direct role in your ability to integrate and thrive.

In summary, achieving high English language scores is one of the most accessible and controllable strategies to increase your points and improve your chances of securing a Skilled Work Visa. Don’t treat the language test as a formality approach it strategically, prepare thoroughly, and aim high. The 10 or 20 points gained through English alone can mean the difference between success and delay in your migration journey.

Skills Assessment

The skills assessment is a crucial step in the application process for an Australian Skilled Work Visa (Subclass 189/190). It serves as the official validation of your qualifications, professional experience, and expertise in your nominated occupation. This process ensures that the skills you claim align with Australian standards and are recognized as sufficient for employment in your field. Let’s explore everything you need to know about this critical component of your visa application.

What is a Skills Assessment?

A skills assessment is an evaluation conducted by a designated skills assessing authority in Australia. This authority is typically an industry or professional body, and its role is to review your qualifications, work experience, and sometimes other factors, and compare them to Australian standards for your occupation. It’s required for nearly all skilled visa applications, including Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas.

The primary purpose of the skills assessment is to confirm that you have the necessary qualifications and experience to work in your nominated occupation. It is used to establish that you meet the skill level and standards that Australia requires for that specific occupation.

Which Authority Conducts the Skills Assessment?
Each occupation has its own designated assessing authority. For example:

For engineering occupations, assessments are conducted by Engineers Australia.

For accounting occupations, the assessing body is CPA Australia, the Institute of Chartered Accountants, or the Institute of Public Accountants.

For teaching, the assessing authority is the Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership (AITSL).

For healthcare occupations, various bodies like the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) carry out assessments depending on the profession.

It’s essential to check the specific requirements of the assessing authority related to your occupation. Different authorities may have different criteria, processes, and documents required for the assessment. You will need to ensure you meet all their criteria before proceeding with the application.

The Skills Assessment Process

The exact process for skills assessment can vary depending on the occupation and the assessing authority. However, here’s a general overview of what the process typically involves:

Determine the assessing authority for your occupation. You can find this information on the Australian Department of Home Affairs website or through the SkillSelect system.

Submit the application for skills assessment with the required documentation. This often includes:

Proof of identity (such as passport and birth certificate)

Academic transcripts and certificates (these should be officially translated into English if they’re in another language)

Work experience documents, such as reference letters, pay slips, or employment contracts

Any additional professional certifications or licenses (depending on the occupation)

Assessment of your qualifications and experience. The authority will examine your qualifications, and in some cases, may verify your work experience and professional background. This might include checking the relevance of your degree or diploma and whether it aligns with Australian standards.

Skills assessment decision. Once your application is reviewed, the assessing authority will either approve or reject your application. If your qualifications and experience meet Australian standards, you will receive a positive skills assessment.

Results notification. Once a decision is made, the assessing authority will notify you of the outcome. If approved, you will receive an official assessment letter, which you’ll need to submit as part of your visa application.

Positive vs. Negative Skills Assessment

A positive skills assessment means that your qualifications and experience are considered equivalent to Australian standards for your nominated occupation. This allows you to proceed with your visa application.

A negative skills assessment indicates that your qualifications or experience do not meet the necessary requirements. If this happens, you may need to reconsider your choice of occupation, pursue further studies or qualifications, or gain additional work experience in order to meet the criteria.

In some cases, if your work experience is deemed insufficient, you may be asked to undergo additional training or complete a professional year program. For example, accounting graduates are often required to complete a Professional Year Program (PYP) to gain a positive skills assessment.

Common Challenges in Skills Assessment

The skills assessment process can be a bit tricky for some applicants. Some of the most common challenges include:

Mismatch of qualifications: If your degree or diploma is not recognized as equivalent to the Australian qualification standard, you may not receive a positive assessment. In such cases, you may need to undergo further study or bridge courses.

Inadequate work experience: Some assessing authorities may require specific types of work experience (e.g., paid work in a relevant occupation for a set number of hours). Part-time or volunteer work may not always be considered.

Documentation issues: Applicants often struggle with gathering and submitting the right documentation. For example, employers may not be able to provide sufficient reference letters or other documents to prove the level of responsibility or job duties that meet Australian requirements.

If you run into challenges during the assessment process, it’s important to contact the assessing authority directly for clarification or consider seeking professional advice from migration agents or lawyers.

How Skills Assessment Impacts Your Points Score

The outcome of your skills assessment has a direct impact on your application for a Skilled Work Visa. If you receive a positive skills assessment, it verifies that your qualifications and work experience are recognized by Australian authorities, allowing you to continue with the visa process and claim points for skilled employment and education.

If your skills assessment is positive, it can also help increase your points score. For example:

A positive skills assessment for an occupation on the MLTSSL (Medium and Long-Term Strategic Skills List) makes you eligible for the Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent) Visa, which is a points-based visa that doesn’t require employer sponsorship or state nomination.

A positive assessment for an occupation on the STSOL (Short-Term Skilled Occupation List) may open doors for the Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated) Visa or other state-sponsored pathways, which could also add extra points.

If your skills assessment is negative, it will not only prevent your visa application from progressing but will also lower your chances of obtaining an invitation to apply. You’ll need to remedy the situation whether by gaining more relevant work experience, studying to meet qualification requirements, or seeking a different occupation within the approved occupation lists.

Expression of Interest (EOI) on SkillSelect

The Expression of Interest (EOI) is a pivotal part of the process for applying for an Australian Skilled Work Visa (Subclass 189 and 190). It is the mechanism through which you submit your intention to apply for a visa, without officially lodging your visa application right away. The EOI serves as a pre-application step and helps you manage your visa application effectively while providing Australian immigration authorities with important details about your skills and qualifications.

The EOI is submitted through the SkillSelect system, which is an online platform provided by the Australian Government. Once you have completed the initial steps, such as meeting the eligibility requirements, undergoing a skills assessment, and determining your occupation on one of the relevant skills lists, you will need to submit your EOI through this system.

What is SkillSelect?

SkillSelect is an Australian immigration tool designed to manage the pool of applicants for skilled migration visas. It allows skilled workers to submit their EOIs and express interest in migrating to Australia. After submitting your EOI, you’ll be ranked based on your points score (as calculated through the GSM points test) and other relevant factors. Immigration authorities use this ranking system to invite the highest-ranked applicants to apply for a visa.

Submitting an EOI is a critical step, as it is through this process that you will be considered for an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for the visa. Without an EOI, you won’t be considered for selection in the monthly invitation rounds, which is how most visa applicants are invited to submit their full visa applications.

How Do You Submit an EOI?

To submit your EOI, you must create an account on SkillSelect. The process is straightforward but requires you to input a lot of important information about your personal circumstances, qualifications, and work experience. This includes:

Personal details (name, nationality, and contact information)

Information about your nominated occupation

Your skills assessment results

Details of your educational qualifications

Employment history (including the duration and nature of your work)

English language proficiency test results

Whether you are claiming points for your partner’s skills or other factors like regional study, community language skills, etc.

After entering all the necessary details, you will submit your EOI for consideration. Your EOI will remain in the SkillSelect pool for 2 years from the time of submission, during which time Australian authorities will review it and decide whether to invite you to apply for a visa.

The Ranking System and Invitation Process

Once your EOI is submitted, SkillSelect ranks your profile according to the number of points you score under the GSM points test. The ranking system is competitive, meaning that the higher your score, the more likely you are to receive an invitation to apply for a visa.

Invitations to apply for the Subclass 189 or Subclass 190 visas are issued on a regular basis, typically monthly. Each invitation round sees the Department of Home Affairs issue invitations to the top-ranking candidates in each occupation group. Those who have scored higher points or meet specific state or regional requirements will be prioritized.

Your EOI will be considered along with other applicants, and only those with the highest points will be selected for an invitation. If you are selected, you will be notified and invited to submit your visa application.

It’s important to note that even if you meet the minimum points threshold of 65 points, this does not guarantee an invitation. Depending on the occupation and demand, the cut-off points can vary significantly. Popular occupations may have higher cut-off points, meaning you might need to score much higher to be invited to apply.

What Happens After Submitting the EOI?

Once you submit your EOI and enter the pool, you can’t make any further changes to your profile unless you are invited to apply. However, if your situation changes—for instance, if you gain more work experience, improve your English language proficiency, or complete further education—you should update your EOI to reflect the new information. This allows you to earn additional points and potentially increase your chances of being invited.

You also have the option to submit EOIs for multiple occupations, which could give you more opportunities. However, you can only submit one EOI per occupation. It’s also important to note that once your points score increases, you will automatically be re-ranked within the pool.

Tips for Increasing Your Chances of Receiving an Invitation

To maximize your chances of being invited to apply, here are a few tips:

Maximize your points score: Ensure that you have the highest possible score by improving your English proficiency, gaining additional work experience, or obtaining extra qualifications.

Consider State or Territory Nomination: If you apply for a Subclass 190 visa, securing a nomination from a state or territory will earn you extra points and increase your chances of receiving an invitation.

Stay up-to-date: Regularly review your EOI to ensure that all your details are correct and reflect any changes in your circumstances, such as additional qualifications or work experience.

Apply when your occupation is in demand: Certain occupations are in higher demand, and during invitation rounds, they may have a higher cut-off score.

Invitation to Apply (ITA)

After you submit your Expression of Interest (EOI) on SkillSelect, the next step is receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA). This invitation marks the formal invitation from the Australian Government to apply for a Skilled Work Visa, specifically for the Subclass 189 or Subclass 190 visa.

What is an Invitation to Apply (ITA)?

An ITA is essentially an invitation from the Australian immigration authorities for you to officially apply for a visa. It’s important to understand that receiving an ITA doesn’t guarantee that you will be granted a visa. The ITA is simply the formal step that allows you to lodge your visa application.

Before you can receive an ITA, you need to have submitted an Expression of Interest (EOI) and been ranked highly enough within the pool of candidates to be selected. ITAs are usually issued monthly, but the frequency and the number of invitations depend on the current demand for specific occupations and the number of available places for skilled workers.

How Are ITAs Issued?

The Department of Home Affairs issues ITAs during regular invitation rounds, which typically occur once a month. The criteria for receiving an invitation are based on your ranking within the EOI pool, which is determined by your points score and the occupation you’ve nominated.

In each invitation round, the Department sets a cut-off score—the minimum points required to receive an ITA. If your points score is higher than or equal to the cut-off score, you’ll receive an ITA. If your score is lower than the cut-off, you will not receive an invitation in that round. The cut-off score is determined by the number of applicants, the occupation’s demand, and the number of places available.

What Happens After Receiving an ITA?

Once you receive an ITA, you will have 60 days to submit your visa application. During this time, you must provide all the necessary documents and evidence to support your claims in your EOI. This includes your skills assessment results, English language proficiency results, work experience documents, and any other relevant information. If you fail to submit your application within the 60-day window, your ITA will expire, and you will need to submit a new EOI to be considered for the next round of invitations.

Why You Should Prepare for an ITA in Advance

While waiting for an ITA, it’s wise to prepare your visa application documents in advance. You should start gathering all the necessary supporting documents that will be required for the visa application once the ITA arrives. This includes:

Skills assessment documentation

Academic transcripts and certificates

Employment reference letters

Police clearance certificates

Health assessments

Preparing these documents ahead of time will help you avoid delays once you receive your ITA and ensure that you submit a complete application within the required timeframe.

What if You Don’t Receive an ITA?

If you don’t receive an ITA in the invitation round, don’t be discouraged. Your EOI remains in the pool for up to two years. If your points score increases, or the cut-off score for your occupation drops, you may be selected in a future round. If your score is on the borderline, it’s a good idea to keep improving your profile (for example, by gaining more work experience or improving your English proficiency) to increase your chances of receiving an invitation in subsequent rounds.

State Nomination for Subclass 190

The Subclass 190 Skilled Nominated Visa allows skilled workers to live and work in Australia permanently, but it requires nomination by an Australian state or territory. This visa is designed to help address labor shortages in specific regions by encouraging skilled migrants to settle and work in areas that need their expertise.

State nomination is a unique and important pathway in the Skilled Migration Program. It provides applicants with additional points and increases their chances of receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for a visa. Let’s explore what state nomination entails, how to get nominated, and the advantages of applying for the Subclass 190 visa.

What is State Nomination?

State or territory nomination refers to when an Australian state or territory government formally nominates a skilled worker for the Subclass 190 visa. By receiving a nomination, you will earn additional points in the points-based system, which can be crucial for getting an invitation to apply for a visa. The state nomination process helps Australian states address skills shortages in specific regions and professions.

Each state or territory in Australia has its own list of eligible occupations, and to be nominated, your occupation must appear on that list. Additionally, each state has its own criteria and requirements for nomination, such as having the required skills, qualifications, or work experience to meet their regional needs.

How Does State Nomination Benefit You?

State nomination for Subclass 190 offers several advantages:

Additional Points: The most significant benefit is the 5 extra points you earn for your points score if you are nominated by a state or territory. This can make a considerable difference in your chances of receiving an invitation, especially in competitive occupations.

Increased Invitation Chances: Because the Subclass 190 visa is state-sponsored, those nominated by a state or territory are given priority in the invitation rounds. In many cases, this means you are more likely to receive an invitation to apply compared to those who only apply under the Subclass 189 visa (Skilled Independent Visa).

Incentives for Regional Areas: Several states and territories may give priority to migrants willing to live and work in regional or less populated areas. These regions typically have more job opportunities for skilled migrants, and the states are actively looking for workers to fill those vacancies. In return, living and working in a regional area may come with additional benefits or incentives.

Requirements for State Nomination

Each Australian state or territory has specific requirements, but generally, you will need to:

Have an eligible occupation: Your occupation must be listed on the relevant state’s Skilled Occupation List (SOL). Some states may have their own specific lists of occupations in demand.

Meet the points threshold: In addition to the general points requirement of 65 points for the Subclass 190 visa, you must meet the state’s specific requirements. These may include work experience, education, or language proficiency.

Commit to living and working in the state: Most states and territories will require you to live and work in the nominated region for at least two years after you are granted the visa. If you fail to comply, your visa could be canceled, and you may be required to leave Australia.

State-specific application process: Some states require a separate application to be completed in addition to your Expression of Interest (EOI) through SkillSelect. You may need to apply to the state or territory’s government to get their nomination, and this process can include an interview or the submission of additional documents.

State nomination fees: Some states charge an application fee for the nomination process. Make sure to check the requirements for the state you are interested in.

How to Apply for State Nomination

To apply for state nomination, follow these steps:

Research state requirements: Before submitting your application, research the occupation lists and other requirements for each state or territory. The specific requirements can vary greatly, and it’s essential to know if your occupation is in demand in the state you wish to apply to.

Submit an EOI: After determining which state or territory you want to apply to, submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) through SkillSelect. You will need to indicate that you are seeking state nomination and list the state in your EOI.

Submit your state nomination application: If you are invited to apply for state nomination, follow the instructions on the state’s official migration website. You will need to submit additional documents, such as your skills assessment, work experience, and possibly a statement of interest that shows why you want to settle in that state.

Wait for the state to process your application: After submitting your application, the state or territory will review it and either approve or reject your nomination. If approved, you will be granted the nomination, which adds 5 extra points to your points score and allows you to receive an ITA.

Receive the ITA: Once nominated, your points score will be updated in the SkillSelect pool, and you will have a higher chance of receiving an Invitation to Apply for your Subclass 190 visa.

Can You Apply for Multiple State Nominations?

Yes, you can apply for nomination in multiple states or territories, but you must keep in mind that each state has its own set of requirements and processes. Some applicants choose to apply to several states to maximize their chances of being nominated. However, once you are nominated by a state, you are committed to living and working in that state for at least two years, so carefully consider your choice before submitting multiple applications.

Document Checklist for Visa Application

When it comes time to lodge your visa application, having all the necessary documents in place is essential for ensuring a smooth process. Incomplete or incorrectly submitted documentation can delay the processing of your visa, or worse, cause your application to be rejected. To avoid any issues, it’s important to understand exactly what documents are required, how to organize them, and when to submit them.

Core Documents You Will Need

Here’s a comprehensive checklist of the documents you’ll need to submit for your Skilled Work Visa application:

Visa Application Form (Form 47SK): This is the official application form you need to complete when applying for a Subclass 189 or Subclass 190 visa. The form asks for personal information, your employment history, and your educational qualifications.

Passport: You must submit a scanned copy of your valid passport. This will serve as proof of identity. Ensure that your passport is valid for the duration of the application process and beyond.

Skills Assessment: A positive skills assessment from the relevant assessing authority is crucial. You must provide the official documentation that confirms your qualifications and work experience meet Australian standards.

English Language Proficiency: You will need to provide your English language test results (such as IELTS, PTE, TOEFL, or Cambridge C1 Advanced) as part of your application. These results must be less than 3 years old at the time of submission.

Age Documentation: The visa points test assigns points based on your age. As part of the application, you’ll need to submit proof of your date of birth (usually your birth certificate or passport).

Educational Qualifications: You must provide your academic transcripts and diplomas for any qualifications claimed in your EOI and visa application. If your education was completed outside of Australia, you may need to provide official translations of documents that are not in English.

Employment References: You will need to submit detailed employment references from your previous employers. These references should outline your job title, main duties, duration of employment, and the level of responsibility you held. The reference must also be signed and include contact details for the employer.

Health and Character Documents: As part of your visa application, you must meet certain health and character requirements. This will involve undergoing a medical examination by an approved panel doctor and providing a police clearance certificate from each country you have lived in for 12 months or more in the past 10 years.

State or Territory Nomination (for Subclass 190): If you are applying for a Subclass 190 visa, you must provide proof of state or territory nomination. This will typically include a letter of nomination and any other documents required by the state or territory.

Partner’s Documents (if applicable): If you are claiming points for your partner’s skills, you will need to provide proof of their qualifications and English language proficiency. Additionally, you may need to submit documents proving your relationship, such as a marriage certificate or evidence of a de facto relationship.

Additional Documents

Depending on your specific circumstances, you may also need to submit additional documents, including:

Proof of employment (e.g., pay slips, tax returns, or employment contracts)

Professional memberships (if required for your occupation)

Evidence of continuing professional development (for certain professions)

Organizing Your Documents

To avoid delays in the processing of your visa application, it’s important to organize your documents carefully:

Ensure they are in English or have certified translations.

Check for expiry dates. Some documents (like police clearances or medical results) have expiration dates, so make sure they are valid when you submit them.

Keep a copy of everything you submit for your own records.

Lodging Your Visa Application

Once you have received your Invitation to Apply (ITA) and gathered all the required documents, the next critical step in the process of applying for the Australia Skilled Work Visa (Subclass 189 or Subclass 190) is lodging your visa application. This step is essential for formally requesting that the Australian Government grant you the appropriate visa based on your qualifications, skills, and experience.

Lodging your visa application correctly and ensuring you have all required documents will help you avoid unnecessary delays or complications. Below, we explore the entire process of lodging your visa application, including the necessary steps, important considerations, and helpful tips to streamline the process.

How to Lodge Your Visa Application

Lodging your visa application is done online through the ImmiAccount portal, a secure online platform provided by the Department of Home Affairs. ImmiAccount allows you to submit your application, track its progress, and receive notifications regarding your application status. It’s important to create an ImmiAccount and submit your application directly through this system to ensure the process is handled efficiently.

The steps to lodge your visa application are as follows:

Create an ImmiAccount: If you don’t already have an ImmiAccount, you will need to create one on the official Department of Home Affairs website. This account will act as your central hub for all immigration-related processes. Once created, log into your account.

Start Your Visa Application: Once logged in, select the appropriate visa type (Subclass 189 or Subclass 190) and begin the application process. Make sure you are applying for the correct visa subclass based on the nomination (if applicable) and your specific circumstances.

Fill in the Application Form: You will need to complete the online visa application form, which asks for personal details, your skills, qualifications, work experience, and your Expression of Interest (EOI) reference number. Additionally, you may be asked for further details, such as your criminal history, health status, and family information. Ensure that the information you enter is accurate and consistent with what you provided in your EOI.

Upload Your Supporting Documents: After filling in the application form, you will be required to upload all the necessary documents you’ve gathered, including:

Your skills assessment results

English language proficiency test results

Employment references

Educational qualifications

Police clearances and health examination results

State nomination documents (if applying for Subclass 190)

The documents must be scanned copies, in PDF or JPEG format, and must be legible. Ensure that you have included all required documents, as submitting incomplete applications can delay the process.

Pay the Application Fee: After submitting your application form and uploading the documents, you will be prompted to pay the application fee. The fee amount varies depending on the subclass of visa you are applying for and any additional services you may request (e.g., priority processing). Make sure to pay the fee through the ImmiAccount system using a secure payment method.

Submit Your Application: Once you have completed all the steps above, reviewed your application thoroughly, and made the payment, you can submit your application. After submission, you will receive a confirmation email with a receipt and reference number.

What Happens After Submitting Your Application?

Once your visa application has been submitted, the next phase is waiting for the Department of Home Affairs to process it. The processing times for Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas can vary depending on various factors, including your specific occupation, the completeness of your application, and the volume of applications being processed at the time. Generally, processing times for the Skilled Work Visa can range from 6 to 12 months or longer.

While waiting for your application to be processed, you can track its progress through your ImmiAccount. You will be notified by the Department of Home Affairs if any additional documents or information is required. It’s important to check your email regularly and respond promptly to any requests.

Biometrics and Medical Examinations

In some cases, you may be asked to undergo a biometric screening or a health examination during the visa application process. The biometric screening involves submitting your fingerprints and a photograph to verify your identity. The medical examination is usually required to confirm that you meet Australia’s health requirements.

Both of these assessments are done by approved providers, and you will receive instructions from the Department of Home Affairs on how to complete these requirements. Delays in completing these assessments may slow down the processing of your visa, so it’s essential to follow the instructions provided.

Processing Time and Visa Outcome

Once the Department of Home Affairs has processed your application, you will receive a decision on whether your visa has been granted or refused. If granted, you will be issued a visa and will receive details of your visa grant, including any conditions that apply. If your visa is refused, you will be notified of the reasons for the refusal and your options for appealing the decision.

In general, applicants for the Subclass 189 visa (Skilled Independent) do not have any specific conditions attached to their visa once it is granted, except for the requirement to maintain valid health insurance. However, applicants for the Subclass 190 visa (Skilled Nominated) must comply with the conditions set by the state or territory that nominated them, which often includes living and working in the state or territory for a specified period (usually 2 years).

What to Do if Your Application is Refused

If your application is refused, you have the option to appeal the decision to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT). The AAT is an independent body that can review decisions made by the Department of Home Affairs. You must lodge an appeal within 28 days of receiving the refusal notice, and you will be given a chance to provide additional evidence or clarification to support your case.

If you choose not to appeal the decision, you can submit a new application for the visa, but you will need to address any issues or errors identified in your previous application to improve your chances of approval.

Health and Character Checks

Health and character checks are essential components of the Australian Skilled Work Visa application process. These checks are mandated by the Australian Government to ensure that migrants do not pose a public health risk or represent any security threat. The results of these assessments can have a significant impact on the outcome of your visa application, so it’s essential to understand what is required and how to complete these checks successfully.

Why Health Checks Are Required

Australia has strict health requirements for migrants to ensure that those who enter the country do not place undue strain on the healthcare system or present a risk to public health. The Department of Home Affairs requires all applicants for the Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas to undergo a health examination to assess whether they meet the necessary health standards. The health check aims to identify any existing medical conditions that may need treatment or could result in future healthcare costs to the Australian government.

The health check will usually focus on general health, mental health, and contagious diseases. Applicants who have a serious medical condition, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, or other infectious diseases, may face additional scrutiny. However, having a medical condition does not automatically disqualify you from obtaining a visa.

How to Complete the Health Check

To complete the health check process, you must undergo a medical examination by an approved panel doctor. The Department of Home Affairs will provide a list of panel doctors for you to choose from, and you must schedule your medical examination with one of these approved professionals.

The medical exam typically involves the following:

General Medical Examination: This includes a physical exam where the doctor will check for signs of any major health issues.

Chest X-ray: This is required for applicants aged 11 or older to check for tuberculosis and other respiratory conditions.

Blood Tests and Urinalysis: These tests screen for various infections and diseases, including HIV and other communicable diseases.

Mental Health Assessment: Some applicants may be asked to undergo a psychological evaluation to ensure they do not have any significant mental health conditions that could affect their ability to live and work in Australia.

After completing the medical exam, the panel doctor will submit the results directly to the Department of Home Affairs. You will not receive a copy of your medical report; however, you will be notified if there are any issues or further steps required.

Character Checks and Police Certificates

In addition to health checks, you will also need to complete character checks to ensure you do not have a criminal record or pose any security risks. The character assessment is an essential part of the Australian visa application process and involves a police clearance certificate (also known as a police certificate or police check).

A police clearance certificate must be obtained from each country where you have lived for 12 months or more in the past 10 years. This is a standard requirement for applicants of the Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas, and you will need to provide it along with your application.

If you have a criminal record, it does not necessarily mean your visa application will be rejected. However, you may be asked to provide more detailed information regarding the offense, including its nature and whether it has been resolved. Depending on the severity of the offense, the Department of Home Affairs may require further documentation or conduct an in-depth review before making a decision on your visa application.

Common Health and Character Issues

While the majority of visa applicants pass the health and character checks without any issues, some individuals may encounter obstacles. Common health issues that can affect your application include:

Serious illnesses: If you have a significant medical condition, such as cancer, HIV/AIDS, or a long-term disability, you may face additional scrutiny.

Infectious diseases: Conditions like tuberculosis (TB) or hepatitis may lead to a delay in processing your visa, as the Department will need to assess your risk to public health.

Mental health conditions: While Australia does not automatically disqualify applicants with mental health issues, severe or untreated mental health conditions may impact your visa approval, especially if they could affect your ability to work or integrate into Australian society.

Character issues that can affect your visa application include:

Criminal convictions: A criminal record can delay or even result in the rejection of your visa application, depending on the nature and severity of the offense.

Security concerns: If the Department of Home Affairs determines that you pose a security risk to Australia, your visa may be refused.

To ensure your application is not delayed or rejected due to health or character concerns, it’s important to be upfront and transparent about your medical and criminal history when submitting your application.

What Happens if You Fail the Health or Character Check?

If your health or character check reveals any issues, the Department of Home Affairs will notify you and ask for further clarification or documentation. In the case of medical issues, you may be required to undergo additional tests or treatment. If you have a criminal record, you may be asked to provide more details about the offense, or you may be required to submit additional references or evidence to support your case.

In some cases, applicants may be given the option to apply for a health waiver or character waiver if they meet certain criteria. However, these waivers are not guaranteed, and it is important to seek professional advice if you are in this situation.

Including Family Members

One of the key benefits of applying for the Subclass 189 or Subclass 190 Skilled Work Visa is that you can include your family members as part of your application. Including family members can provide them with the same rights and privileges as you once your visa is granted, allowing them to live, work, and study in Australia.

It’s essential to understand who qualifies as a family member and how to include them in your application, as this can impact your visa’s processing time and the documents you need to submit. Let’s look at how to include family members in your application, including eligibility criteria, documents required, and what happens if you’re applying with dependent family members.

Eligible Family Members

Family members who are eligible to be included in your visa application typically include:

Your spouse or de facto partner: This includes legally married spouses or individuals in a long-term de facto relationship (a relationship of at least 12 months).

Your dependent children: This includes your biological or adopted children who are under 18 years old, or children between 18-23 years of age if they are financially dependent on you due to a disability or other special circumstances.

Your dependent relatives: In some cases, you may also be able to include your parents or other dependent relatives, such as siblings, if they rely on you for financial support and meet specific criteria set by the Australian immigration authorities.

What Documents Are Needed for Family Members?

If you wish to include family members in your visa application, you will need to provide additional documents to support their eligibility. This can include:

Marriage certificate or proof of relationship: For your spouse or de facto partner, you will need to provide evidence of your relationship, such as a marriage certificate or other proof of a long-term de facto relationship (e.g., joint bank accounts, shared lease agreements, or utility bills).

Birth certificates: For children, you will need to provide their birth certificates to prove their relationship to you. If they are dependent children between the ages of 18 and 23, you may also need to provide evidence of financial dependency, such as bank statements or affidavits from family members.

Medical examinations and character checks: Family members who are included in the application will also need to undergo the same health checks and character checks as you, depending on their age and immigration status. This includes providing police clearance certificates for adults and completing medical examinations by panel doctors.

Evidence of financial support: For dependent relatives, you may be required to submit documents proving that you provide financial support, such as bank statements or employment records.

Passport copies: You will need to submit copies of valid passports for all family members included in your application.

Can Family Members Be Added Later?

Once you have lodged your visa application, it is possible to add family members to your application, but this must be done before the visa is granted. If your family members are not included initially, you can update your application through your ImmiAccount and provide additional supporting documents.

However, after your visa is granted, it becomes more difficult to include family members. In such cases, your family members may need to apply for a separate visa. Therefore, it is recommended that you include all eligible family members in your initial application to streamline the process and avoid complications later.

Visa Processing Times and Costs

When applying for the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190), understanding the processing times and associated costs is crucial. These factors can greatly influence your planning, financial preparation, and overall expectations. Whether you’re applying for the Skilled Independent Visa (Subclass 189) or the Skilled Nominated Visa (Subclass 190), knowing the general timelines and costs involved will help you navigate the process more smoothly and avoid surprises down the line.

Visa Processing Times

The processing time for the Skilled Work Visa can vary depending on various factors, including the complexity of your application, the occupation you are applying under, and the volume of applications being processed by the Department of Home Affairs at the time. However, there are some general guidelines for expected processing times.

Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent Visa):

For Subclass 189, the processing times typically range from 6 to 12 months. This is one of the more popular visa subclasses, as it does not require employer sponsorship or state/territory nomination, making it more straightforward in some respects. However, because it is highly competitive, applicants with highly sought-after occupations may experience shorter processing times, while others may face delays if their occupations are less in demand.

Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa):

The Subclass 190 processing time may take slightly longer due to the involvement of state or territory nominations. On average, the processing time for this visa can range from 6 to 18 months. This extended timeline is due to the state/territory nomination process, which adds an extra step. While the nomination provides the benefit of additional points toward the points test, it also requires coordination with the relevant state or territory authorities, which can sometimes result in delays.

Factors Affecting Processing Times: Several factors can influence the length of time it takes to process your application. These include:

Completeness of your application: Submitting a complete application with all the required documents can speed up processing times, while missing documents or information may cause delays.

Demand for your occupation: If your occupation is in high demand, your application might be processed more quickly due to priority processing for specific skilled workers. Conversely, if your occupation is on the lower end of the demand scale, it may take longer.

The volume of applications: The number of visa applications the Department of Home Affairs is processing at any given time can affect how long it takes to receive a decision. During high-demand periods, such as after new occupation lists or updates, delays may be experienced.

Health and character checks: If your health or character checks are flagged for review, the processing time may be extended while additional documentation or clarifications are gathered.

Visa Costs

Visa costs are another important consideration when planning your application. The Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas both have a fee structure that reflects the costs associated with the processing and assessment of your application.

Visa Application Fee for Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent Visa):

The base application fee for the Subclass 189 visa starts at around AUD 4,240 for the primary applicant. This fee is applicable for the online submission of your visa application.

Additional fees may apply for family members included in your application. For example:

Spouse or partner: AUD 2,120

Children (aged 18 years and older): AUD 2,120

Children (under 18 years): AUD 1,060

Visa Application Fee for Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa):

The Subclass 190 visa has a similar fee structure, starting at around AUD 4,240 for the primary applicant. This fee will also vary depending on the number of family members included in the application, with additional costs for each dependent.

Family members included in the application will incur additional fees, which are typically similar to those for the Subclass 189 visa.

Additional Costs:

Skills Assessment Fees: Applicants are required to undergo a skills assessment by a designated assessing authority. The cost of the skills assessment varies depending on the occupation and assessing authority. On average, fees for skills assessments range from AUD 300 to AUD 1,000.

English Language Test Fees: You will need to provide proof of your English language proficiency through an approved test, such as the IELTS or PTE. The cost for these tests typically ranges from AUD 300 to AUD 400.

Health and Character Checks: You will also need to pay for your health examinations and police certificates. The costs for medical examinations can vary depending on the country you are in and the panel doctor you visit, but they generally range from AUD 300 to AUD 500. Police certificates typically cost between AUD 30 to AUD 100 per country.

Translation and Document Authentication: If any of your documents are not in English, you will need to have them translated by a certified translator. This can incur additional costs, generally around AUD 50 to AUD 150 per page.

Refunds:

It’s important to note that the application fees for the Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas are non-refundable. Even if your application is refused, you will not be able to recover the application fees. Therefore, it’s critical to ensure that your application is complete and accurate before submission to avoid unnecessary costs.

Payment Methods for Visa Application Fees

Visa application fees for both Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 can be paid online via the ImmiAccount portal. The accepted payment methods include:

Credit cards (Visa, MasterCard, or American Express)

Debit cards (Visa or MasterCard)

BPay (for Australian applicants)

It’s essential to ensure that your payment is completed correctly, as any payment issues may delay your application or cause it to be rejected.

How to Plan for Visa Costs

Given the considerable costs involved in applying for an Australian Skilled Work Visa, it’s important to plan your finances carefully:

Budget for additional costs: Beyond the visa application fee, make sure to account for the costs of skills assessments, English tests, health checks, police certificates, and translations.

Factor in living expenses: If you’re planning on moving to Australia, remember to factor in the cost of living, which can vary depending on the region. Popular cities like Sydney and Melbourne are known for their higher living costs, so make sure you have adequate funds to support yourself and your family during your transition.

Tips for Managing Visa Costs

Save early: Since visa applications can be costly, begin saving early to ensure you can cover all the necessary expenses. Starting early will also allow you to account for any unexpected costs.

Look for discounts: Sometimes, there may be promotional offers for English language tests or other services related to your visa application. Keep an eye on any potential savings.

Check the official website for updates: The Department of Home Affairs occasionally revises visa fees or processing times. Make sure to check the official website regularly for the latest information.

Common Reasons for Rejection

While the process of applying for an Australia Skilled Work Visa is straightforward, there are several common reasons why applications can be rejected. Understanding these reasons will help you avoid mistakes and improve your chances of success.

1. Missing or Incomplete Documents

One of the most common reasons for a visa rejection is submitting incomplete or inaccurate documentation. The Department of Home Affairs requires detailed documentation to assess your eligibility, and failing to provide the necessary documents or providing incorrect information can result in your application being delayed or refused.

It’s crucial to carefully review the document checklist for your visa subclass and ensure that all documents are complete, accurate, and up to date. For example, make sure that all qualifications, employment references, police certificates, and health checks are included in your application.

2. Failure to Meet Eligibility Requirements

If you do not meet the basic eligibility criteria, such as the required number of points for the points test, your visa application will likely be rejected. It’s important to carefully assess your eligibility before submitting your application to ensure that you meet the required standards.

Some common eligibility issues include:

Insufficient points: The points test is critical to your application, and failing to accumulate the necessary points can lead to rejection.

Incorrect skills assessment: A positive skills assessment from the relevant authority is mandatory. If your assessment is rejected or if you fail to provide the correct evidence, your visa will be refused.

3. Health and Character Issues

Health and character checks are mandatory, and any issues in these areas can result in a rejection. For example, if you fail your medical examination or if your police clearance reveals a criminal record, your application could be rejected.

While not all health or character issues result in automatic rejection, they are serious factors in the assessment of your visa application. Make sure to undergo your health check with an approved doctor and provide all necessary police certificates to avoid any issues.

4. Incorrect or Outdated Information

Providing inaccurate, outdated, or false information on your visa application can result in severe consequences, including visa rejection and bans from future visa applications. Ensure that all the details you provide, including your work experience, qualifications, and personal information, are accurate and up to date.

If you’re unsure about any part of your application, seek professional advice or assistance to ensure that everything is completed correctly.

Tips to Strengthen Your Application

To improve your chances of a successful application, consider the following tips to strengthen your Skilled Work Visa application. These strategies will help you avoid common pitfalls and ensure that your submission stands out.

Accurate Documentation: Double-check that all documents are accurate, complete, and properly certified. Submit only documents that are requested by the Department of Home Affairs, and ensure that everything is in English or properly translated.

Maximize Your Points: Ensure you meet the points requirement by considering ways to increase your points score. This may involve improving your English proficiency, gaining additional work experience, or pursuing further qualifications that align with Australia’s occupation list.

Be Honest: Always provide truthful and complete information. Falsifying or omitting details can lead to visa refusal and future complications.

Seek Professional Assistance: Consider hiring a migration agent if you feel unsure about any aspect of the visa process. They can provide expert advice and guidance to ensure your application is as strong as possible.

Professional Help and Migration Agents

Navigating the process of applying for an Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190) can be complex, and many applicants choose to seek professional assistance to increase their chances of success. While it’s entirely possible to complete the visa application process on your own, the help of a registered migration agent can provide expert guidance and support throughout the application journey.

Why Consider Using a Migration Agent?

The visa application process can be overwhelming, especially for those unfamiliar with Australian immigration laws and procedures. A migration agent is a professional who specializes in Australian immigration law and can help you navigate the complexities of the visa application process. Here are some of the key reasons why you may want to consider hiring one:

Expert Guidance: Migration agents are experts in Australian immigration law and are up-to-date with the latest changes to visa regulations, ensuring your application is in line with current requirements.

Complexity of Visa Types: Different visas have different eligibility criteria, document requirements, and application processes. A migration agent can help you determine which visa is best suited to your qualifications and skills and guide you through the relevant procedures.

Time-Saving: Preparing an application for the Skilled Work Visa involves gathering documents, completing forms, undergoing health checks, and managing deadlines. A migration agent can handle the bulk of the work for you, allowing you to focus on other matters.

Increased Success Rate: By using a migration agent, you’re more likely to avoid common errors, omissions, or mistakes that could lead to delays or rejections. Professional agents help ensure that your application is complete, correct, and submitted properly.

Choosing a Registered Migration Agent

It’s important to only work with a Registered Migration Agent (RMA) to ensure that you receive professional, ethical, and legal assistance. In Australia, migration agents must be registered with the Office of the Migration Agents Registration Authority (MARA). Registered agents are bound by a code of conduct, which ensures that they provide accurate, reliable advice and adhere to professional standards.

To verify that an agent is registered, you can use the MARA online search tool, which allows you to search for migration agents by name, number, or location.

How Migration Agents Can Help

Here’s a closer look at the specific ways in which a migration agent can assist you during the application process:

Eligibility Assessment: A migration agent can assess your eligibility for the Skilled Work Visa based on your qualifications, work experience, and points score. If you are not eligible for a particular visa, they may suggest alternatives, such as employer-sponsored visas or state/territory nominations.

Document Collection and Review: Gathering and organizing the correct documents for your visa application can be time-consuming and complicated. Migration agents can help ensure that you have all the necessary documents and that they meet Australian immigration requirements.

Points Test Advice: Since the Skilled Work Visa relies heavily on a points-based system, a migration agent can help you understand how many points you are likely to score and suggest strategies to maximize your points, such as improving your English proficiency or getting a skills assessment.

Submission and Lodging of Your Application: A migration agent will submit your application on your behalf, ensuring that it is lodged correctly and on time. They can also track your application’s progress and respond to any requests from the Department of Home Affairs.

Handling Complex Issues: If there are any complications with your visa application, such as delays, rejections, or requests for additional information, a migration agent can assist with handling the situation, ensuring that you respond appropriately and professionally.

Migration Agent Fees

While hiring a migration agent can significantly streamline the visa application process, it’s important to note that they charge a fee for their services. Fees vary depending on the complexity of your case, the services provided, and the agent’s experience. Typically, you can expect to pay anywhere from AUD 1,000 to AUD 5,000 for migration agent services.

When hiring a migration agent, make sure you have a clear understanding of their fees, services, and payment structure before proceeding. Some agents may charge an hourly rate, while others may offer flat fees for specific visa applications.

Living in Australia After the Visa Grant

Once your Australia Skilled Work Visa (Subclass 189 or 190) is granted, it’s time to embark on your new life in Australia. While the prospect of living in a new country can be thrilling, adjusting to your new environment can also be a challenge. Australia, being a culturally diverse and dynamic nation, offers numerous opportunities and a high quality of life, but there are a few key aspects to consider to make your transition smoother.

Finding Accommodation

One of the first things to arrange when moving to Australia is housing. Depending on where you plan to settle, you may be looking at cities like Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, or regional areas. Here are some things to consider:

Renting Property: Renting is the most common housing option for new migrants. Major cities offer a wide range of rental properties, from apartments and houses to shared accommodations. Rental prices can vary significantly, especially in cities like Sydney and Melbourne, where demand for rental properties is high.

Short-Term Accommodation: Upon arrival, you might want to consider temporary accommodation options such as hostels, Airbnb, or hotels. This gives you time to explore different areas and find the best long-term rental for your needs.

Long-Term Rentals: Once you’ve settled on a location, you can look for a long-term rental. To secure a rental property in Australia, you’ll typically need references from previous landlords or employers and proof of income.

Healthcare in Australia

Australia has a world-class healthcare system, and as a visa holder, you may be eligible for coverage under the Medicare system. However, not all visa holders are immediately eligible for Medicare, so it’s important to confirm your status before relying on this public health insurance system.

Medicare Eligibility: As a permanent resident or holder of certain long-term visas, you’ll be entitled to Medicare, which provides access to free or subsidized healthcare services. As a holder of a Subclass 189 or Subclass 190 visa, you will usually be eligible for Medicare. To enroll, you’ll need to visit a Medicare office and provide identification and proof of your visa status.

Private Health Insurance: While Medicare covers many healthcare needs, some people opt to take out private health insurance to cover additional services like dental care, optical, and physiotherapy, which may not be fully covered by Medicare.

Doctors and Hospitals: In Australia, you can visit General Practitioners (GPs) for primary healthcare needs, and if necessary, you can be referred to specialists. Australia has both public and private hospitals, and the public hospitals provide emergency and ongoing care under Medicare.

Cost of Living

Australia is known for having a high standard of living, but this can come at a cost. The cost of living can vary depending on the city and your lifestyle. For instance, living in cities like Sydney or Melbourne can be more expensive than in regional areas or smaller cities.

Housing: As mentioned, rental prices in popular cities can be high, but regional areas tend to offer more affordable options. You should carefully budget for your rent, as it will likely be your largest ongoing expense.

Groceries and Utilities: Grocery prices in Australia are moderate, but they can vary depending on the region and your preferences. Utility bills (electricity, gas, water, etc.) are also something you’ll need to consider in your budget. On average, these can add up to AUD 200-300 per month.

Transportation: Major cities like Sydney and Melbourne have excellent public transport systems, including trains, buses, and trams. If you live outside these areas, you might need a car to get around. Keep in mind that petrol (gasoline) prices in Australia can fluctuate and sometimes be high.

Settling Into Australian Life

Settling into life in Australia is about more than just finding a place to live and securing healthcare. It’s about immersing yourself in the culture, building relationships, and making Australia feel like home.

Social Integration: Australians are friendly and generally open to new people, so it’s relatively easy to make friends and get involved in community activities. Social integration can be enhanced by joining local clubs, attending events, and getting involved in sporting activities or cultural programs.

Cultural Diversity: Australia is one of the most multicultural countries in the world, and you’ll find people from all walks of life, with many different languages, cultures, and traditions. Embrace this diversity, and take time to learn about the history, indigenous culture, and customs of Australia.

Education: If you have children, you’ll need to research the education system in Australia. Public schooling is free for residents, while private schooling comes with a fee. Universities in Australia are internationally recognized, and if you’re looking to further your education or gain professional qualifications, Australia offers a wide range of options.

Work and Career: Australia is home to a strong and diverse job market, especially in fields like healthcare, engineering, technology, and finance. As a visa holder, you may find a range of opportunities across the country. However, it’s essential to be aware of the Australian workplace culture, which values punctuality, a good work-life balance, and open communication. Networking through professional groups, conferences, and job fairs can help you build connections in your industry.

Converting Visa to Permanent Residency or Citizenship

One of the biggest advantages of applying for the Skilled Work Visa (189 or 190) is the potential pathway to permanent residency (PR) and ultimately Australian citizenship. As a skilled worker, the Skilled Independent Visa (Subclass 189) and Skilled Nominated Visa (Subclass 190) are excellent starting points for achieving permanent residency status in Australia, which can unlock additional benefits and opportunities for you and your family.

Permanent Residency via Subclass 189 and Subclass 190

Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent Visa): The Subclass 189 visa provides a pathway to permanent residency for skilled workers who are not sponsored by an employer, state, or territory. This visa allows you to live and work in Australia permanently. Once granted, this visa provides you with the same rights and privileges as Australian permanent residents.

Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa): The Subclass 190 visa is a state-nominated visa, meaning that you must be nominated by a state or territory government. This visa also allows you to live and work in Australia permanently, though you must fulfill certain conditions related to the state that nominated you. For instance, some states require you to live and work in their region for a specific period after your visa is granted.

Permanent Residency Benefits

Being granted permanent residency in Australia provides several important benefits:

Right to live and work: Permanent residents have the right to live, work, and study anywhere in Australia, as well as access government-funded services like Medicare.

Pathway to Citizenship: After holding permanent residency for a specific period (usually 4 years, with at least 1 year spent as a permanent resident), you can apply for Australian citizenship.

Family Sponsorship: Permanent residents can sponsor eligible family members to come to Australia under certain visa subclasses.

Social Security: After a waiting period, permanent residents may be eligible for social security benefits, depending on their situation.

Pathway to Australian Citizenship

Eligibility Requirements: To become an Australian citizen, you must meet certain residency requirements. You generally need to have lived in Australia as a permanent resident for at least 4 years, including 12 months as a permanent resident immediately before applying for citizenship.

Citizenship Application Process: The process of applying for Australian citizenship involves submitting an application, attending an interview (if required), and passing a citizenship test that covers topics like Australian history, culture, and the political system.

Dual Citizenship: Australia allows dual citizenship, meaning you do not have to renounce your original nationality when you become an Australian citizen. However, it’s important to check whether your home country allows dual citizenship, as some countries have restrictions on it.

Benefits of Citizenship: Once you become an Australian citizen, you gain several additional rights, such as the ability to vote in federal and state elections and apply for an Australian passport, which allows you to travel freely to many countries.

Using a Registered Migration Agent

Applying for an Australia Skilled Work Visa can be a complex and sometimes daunting process. For many applicants, seeking the help of a registered migration agent can make the difference between a successful and unsuccessful application.

What Is a Registered Migration Agent?

A registered migration agent is a professional who specializes in Australian immigration law and provides advice, assistance, and representation to visa applicants. They are registered with the Office of the Migration Agents Registration Authority (MARA), which ensures they adhere to professional and ethical standards.

The Role of a Migration Agent

Assessment of Eligibility: A migration agent helps you assess your eligibility for various visa subclasses, including the Skilled Work Visa (189/190). They ensure you understand the points system, skill requirements, and necessary documentation.

Document Preparation: The visa application process requires a significant amount of documentation, including skills assessments, English language proficiency tests, and health and character checks. A migration agent ensures that you submit all required documents in the correct format, reducing the chances of errors or omissions.

Application Submission: A migration agent can lodge your visa application on your behalf, ensuring it is correctly completed and submitted within the required time frame. They also monitor the progress of your application and communicate with the Department of Home Affairs on your behalf.

Advice on State Nominations and Sponsorships: If you’re applying for the Subclass 190 visa, a migration agent can advise you on state or territory nominations, helping you choose the right state and understand the nomination process.

Why Use a Migration Agent?

The immigration process can be lengthy and complex, involving numerous requirements and changes in regulations. A migration agent provides expert knowledge to guide you through each step of the process, helping you avoid delays, mistakes, or pitfalls. They are also well-versed in handling complications that may arise, such as visa refusals or additional information requests.

Conclusion

Applying for the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190) is a significant step towards a new chapter in your life. Whether you’re seeking new career opportunities, a better quality of life, or a fresh start in one of the most beautiful and thriving countries in the world, this visa offers a viable pathway to achieving those goals. As outlined throughout this guide, the process of applying for these visas can be intricate, requiring careful attention to eligibility criteria, documentation, and a clear understanding of the steps involved. However, by breaking down the process and taking it step by step, you can successfully navigate your journey to Australia.

Understanding the Skilled Work Visas (189 and 190)

At the core of the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190) application process is understanding the differences and similarities between the two visa subclasses. The Subclass 189 visa is for individuals who possess the required skills but are not sponsored by an employer or state, offering more flexibility in terms of where you can live and work in Australia. The Subclass 190 visa, on the other hand, requires state or territory sponsorship but comes with the added benefit of the state’s nomination. Both visas allow for permanent residency, making them valuable pathways to long-term settlement in Australia.

As we discussed in the blog, the key differences between the Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas are rooted in the sponsorship requirement. While the Subclass 189 visa allows applicants to move to Australia independently, the Subclass 190 visa requires applicants to be nominated by an Australian state or territory. This state nomination can be beneficial as it often increases the chances of receiving an invitation to apply (ITA), and it may come with certain incentives like financial support or job placement assistance within the state.

Eligibility and the Importance of the Points-Based System

Both visa subclasses operate on a points-based immigration system, where applicants must accumulate a certain number of points based on factors such as age, qualifications, work experience, English proficiency, and other elements. This system ensures that only the most qualified individuals with the skills needed in Australia’s labor market are invited to apply for permanent residency.

The points-based system is an essential aspect of the application process, and it plays a significant role in determining your chances of receiving an invitation to apply for the visa. Ensuring that you meet the minimum required points (usually 65 points for the Subclass 189) is vital, but many applicants find that accumulating additional points can improve their chances of success. Some strategies for maximizing points include obtaining a higher English proficiency score, gaining further work experience, or seeking additional qualifications.

For those who fall short of the minimum points requirement, there are still options to improve their score. For instance, applicants can take an English language test to boost their score, consider applying for state or territory nomination (if applicable), or even pursue further education or professional development to increase their skills.

The Critical Role of Occupation Lists and Skills Assessment

An essential aspect of the Australia Skilled Work Visa application process is the occupation list. The Australian government regularly updates a list of occupations that are in demand in the country. Only applicants whose occupations appear on this list can apply for the visa. If your occupation is not on the list, you may need to reconsider your application or explore other visa options.

Furthermore, a skills assessment is required as part of the application process. This assessment ensures that your qualifications and work experience align with Australian standards. It’s vital to work with a skills assessment authority relevant to your profession, as failure to secure a favorable assessment could lead to delays or rejection of your visa application.

The Expression of Interest (EOI) and Invitation to Apply (ITA)

After completing your skills assessment and ensuring you meet the necessary requirements, you must submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) through the SkillSelect system. The EOI essentially notifies the Australian government that you wish to apply for a skilled work visa. It is important to note that the EOI is not the same as an actual visa application. Instead, it is an indication of your intent to apply.

Once your EOI is reviewed and if you meet the required points threshold, you may be invited to apply for the visa. This step is crucial because only those who have received an Invitation to Apply (ITA) can proceed with the formal visa application process. Receiving an ITA means you’ve passed the initial eligibility criteria and are one step closer to obtaining your visa.

State Nomination and the Application Process

If you are applying for the Subclass 190 visa, you will need to secure a state or territory nomination. This process typically involves submitting an expression of interest to the state or territory where you wish to live and work. Some states may have additional requirements, such as committing to work in the region for a certain period of time.

Once you’ve secured your state nomination, it strengthens your EOI and enhances your chances of receiving an ITA. States may also offer additional benefits to encourage skilled migrants, such as relocation assistance, job placement services, or incentives for settling in regional areas. Understanding the state-specific requirements and criteria is key to ensuring your success in obtaining this visa subclass.

Visa Processing, Costs, and Common Pitfalls

While the benefits of obtaining the Australia Skilled Work Visa are clear, applicants must be prepared for the associated visa processing times and costs. Visa processing can take several months or even longer, depending on the complexity of your application and the number of applicants in the pool. The cost of the visa application can also be substantial, so it’s important to factor this into your budget and financial planning.

Moreover, applicants should be aware of common reasons for visa rejection. Issues such as incomplete documentation, failure to meet the points requirement, an unfavorable skills assessment, or providing incorrect or misleading information can all lead to delays or denials. It’s crucial to ensure your application is thorough, complete, and accurate.

To minimize these risks, many applicants turn to migration agents. While professional assistance comes at a cost, using a registered migration agent can increase your chances of a successful application by ensuring all documentation is in order and that the application process follows the correct legal procedures. A migration agent can provide valuable advice, help with the skills assessment process, assist with preparing the Expression of Interest (EOI), and ultimately guide you through the various steps to maximize your chances of success.

Living in Australia After the Visa Grant

Once granted the Skilled Work Visa, you’ll begin a new chapter in Australia. From finding accommodation to navigating the healthcare system, the transition to life in Australia requires planning. Being well-prepared for your new life, understanding local customs, and immersing yourself in the culture will enhance your experience and make the transition smoother. Additionally, the possibility of converting your visa into permanent residency or even citizenship opens up long-term opportunities in Australia.

Final Thoughts

The process of applying for an Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190) can be lengthy and detailed, but it also presents a unique opportunity to build a future in one of the world’s most prosperous and welcoming countries. By understanding the eligibility criteria, preparing thoroughly, and following the required steps, you can increase your chances of success. Whether you are pursuing the Skilled Independent Visa (Subclass 189) or the Skilled Nominated Visa (Subclass 190), this visa offers a gateway to a new life in Australia, complete with career opportunities, cultural experiences, and a pathway to permanent residency and citizenship.

Make sure to carefully assess your qualifications, gather the necessary documents, and consider professional assistance when needed. With the right preparation, your dream of living and working in Australia can become a reality. OFFICIAL LINK

ALSO READ: [Top Job Application Tips for Nurses and Doctors in Healthcare]

FAQs

1. What Are the Key Differences Between the Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 Visas, and Which One Should I Apply For?

When considering the Australia Skilled Work Visa, understanding the differences between the Subclass 189 (Skilled Independent Visa) and Subclass 190 (Skilled Nominated Visa) is crucial. Both are pathways to permanent residency in Australia, but they come with distinct features and requirements. The Subclass 189 is designed for individuals who possess the necessary skills and qualifications but do not require state or employer sponsorship. This visa grants you the flexibility to live and work anywhere in Australia, providing the freedom to choose where you settle.

On the other hand, the Subclass 190 visa is a state-nominated visa. To be eligible, applicants must first secure a nomination from an Australian state or territory. While this process can sometimes be competitive, it can also provide a significant advantage. State nomination is usually linked to specific labor shortages or regional development strategies, which means the state may offer incentives like relocation assistance or guaranteed employment in certain sectors. The main caveat is that applicants must live and work in the nominating state or territory for a certain period after receiving the visa.

So, which visa should you apply for? If you want flexibility and the ability to live anywhere in Australia, the Subclass 189 might be the right choice. However, if you are open to living in a specific state and are targeting in-demand occupations in particular regions, then the Subclass 190 visa might be a more suitable option. It’s important to assess your personal preferences, career goals, and the state’s requirements before making a decision. If you’re uncertain, consider consulting with a registered migration agent to help you navigate the complexities of both visa subclasses.

2. How Does the Points-Based System Work for Australia Skilled Work Visas, and How Can I Maximize My Score?

The points-based system is a cornerstone of the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190) application process, and it is essential to understand how it works. The system evaluates applicants based on several factors such as age, qualifications, work experience, English language proficiency, and other personal attributes like whether you have a spouse who can contribute additional points. Applicants need to meet a minimum threshold of 65 points to be eligible for these visas, but higher scores improve your chances of receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA).

Here’s a breakdown of the main factors contributing to your points score:

Age: Younger applicants (usually between 25-32 years) score the most points. Age is a critical factor, as it directly influences the number of points you can earn.

Qualifications: Higher qualifications such as a degree or diploma can earn you additional points. A skills assessment is necessary to ensure your qualifications are recognized in Australia.

Work Experience: The more relevant work experience you have in your nominated occupation, the more points you’ll gain. Australian work experience earns more points than overseas work experience, but both are taken into account.

English Language Proficiency: Proficiency in English is a major factor, and applicants who score well in English tests like the IELTS or PTE Academic are awarded additional points.

Other Factors: Points can also be earned for other attributes like the skills of your partner or spouse, studying in regional areas, or receiving a state nomination for the Subclass 190 visa.

To maximize your points, focus on improving your English language score, gaining more work experience in your field, or completing further qualifications. You may also consider pursuing additional qualifications that align with Australia’s labor needs or targeting areas with skill shortages, as this could increase your chances of receiving a state nomination under the Subclass 190 visa.

3. What Is the Expression of Interest (EOI), and How Do I Submit It?

The Expression of Interest (EOI) is a critical step in applying for the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190). An EOI is essentially your declaration of intent to apply for a skilled visa. However, it is not the actual application; it simply signals your desire to migrate to Australia based on your skills and qualifications.

To submit an EOI, you need to create a profile on SkillSelect, the Australian government’s online platform for managing skilled migration applications. The EOI process involves providing detailed information about your skills, qualifications, work experience, and English language proficiency. The information you provide in your EOI will be used to calculate your points score and determine whether you meet the eligibility criteria for the visa subclass you’re applying for. It’s crucial to make sure the information you submit is accurate and comprehensive because mistakes or omissions can lead to delays or rejections.

Once your EOI is submitted, it enters a pool of applicants. You won’t receive an invitation immediately—your EOI is ranked against other candidates, and invitations to apply for the visa are issued periodically. If your EOI matches the current immigration requirements and your points score is high enough, you’ll receive an Invitation to Apply (ITA), allowing you to proceed with the formal visa application.

Remember, submitting an EOI is just the first step. It’s essential to regularly monitor your EOI status and ensure that all the details are up-to-date, especially as immigration policies or your circumstances change. You may also consider consulting a migration agent to help you craft a compelling EOI and increase your chances of getting invited.

4. How Can I Secure State or Territory Nomination for the Subclass 190 Visa?

Securing a state or territory nomination for the Subclass 190 visa can significantly increase your chances of migrating to Australia. This process involves gaining the support of an Australian state or territory government, which nominates you to apply for the visa. This visa category is designed to address regional labor shortages, so each state or territory has its own set of criteria based on the industries and occupations in demand in that area.

To apply for state or territory nomination, follow these steps:

Check the State’s Skilled Occupation List: Each state or territory in Australia has a specific list of occupations eligible for nomination. Check to see if your occupation appears on the list for the state you’re interested in. If your occupation is not listed, you may need to explore other visa options.

Research State Requirements: Each state or territory has its own additional criteria, which can include work experience, English language proficiency, or the intention to live and work in that region. Research these specific requirements to ensure that you meet them.

Submit an Expression of Interest (EOI): As part of your application, you’ll need to submit an EOI through SkillSelect, stating your interest in being nominated by the state or territory. Be prepared to provide all necessary documents, such as your qualifications and work experience.

Wait for State Nomination: If you meet the criteria and are selected, the state or territory will nominate you. Receiving this nomination can add 5 points to your overall score in the points-based system, greatly improving your chances of receiving an invitation to apply for the visa.

State nominations can be competitive, and not all applicants will be successful. However, if you’re willing to live and work in a specific state or region and your skills align with their needs, this can be a fantastic way to expedite your application process and increase your chances of success.

5. What Are the Costs and Processing Times for the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190)?

One of the most important factors to consider when applying for the Australia Skilled Work Visa (189/190) is the associated costs and processing times. Understanding these can help you plan your finances and expectations for how long the process will take.

Visa Application Fees: The cost of applying for a skilled work visa can vary depending on the subclass and your personal circumstances. For the Subclass 189 and Subclass 190 visas, the application fees typically range from AUD 4,240 to AUD 4,600. Additional costs may include fees for English language tests, skills assessments, medical exams, and police checks. You should budget for these extra expenses to ensure you’re financially prepared for the application process.

Visa Processing Times: The processing time for skilled work visas can vary depending on factors such as the complexity of your application, the volume of applications being processed, and whether additional information is required. On average, processing times can range from 6 to 12 months. However, if your application is straightforward and all documentation is in order, you may receive a decision sooner.

Additional Costs: Beyond the application fee, you may incur costs for medical checks, police certificates, and translations of documents. These costs can add up, so it’s important to factor them into your overall budget. Additionally, if you choose to use a migration agent, there will be professional fees to consider, which can range from AUD 2,000 to AUD 5,000 depending on the complexity of your case.

It’s crucial to carefully review the costs involved before starting your application process and ensure that you are financially prepared. While the fees may seem high, the benefits of gaining permanent residency in Australia, such as the ability to live, work, and study in the country, far outweigh the costs in the long term. Be patient during the application process, as it may take several months to receive a decision, but with thorough preparation and accurate documentation, you’ll be well on your way to successfully obtaining your Australian visa.